“Understanding Urologic Cancers: Kidney, Bladder, Testicular, and Prostate”

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Urologic Cancers: What You Need to Know About Kidney, Bladder, Testicular, and Prostate Cancer

When it comes to men’s health, few specialists play as critical a role as the urologist. Beyond treating kidney stones, urinary infections, or fertility issues, urologists are also on the front lines of cancer detection and care. Cancers of the urinary tract and male reproductive system can be serious, but with early detection, many are highly treatable.

Let’s take a closer look at the four main types of urologic cancers.

Kidney Cancer

What it is:
Kidney cancer begins in the kidneys, often in the lining of tiny tubes inside the organ.

Warning signs:

  • Blood in the urine

  • Pain in the lower back or side (often on one side)

  • Unexplained weight loss

  • Constant fatigue

Treatment options:
Treatment may involve surgery to remove part or all of the kidney. In more advanced cases, doctors may recommend targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of approaches.

Bladder Cancer

What it is:
Bladder cancer starts in the lining of the bladder. It’s more common in men and strongly linked to smoking.

Warning signs:

  • Blood in the urine (even a single episode should not be ignored)

  • Painful urination

  • Frequent need to urinate

  • Pelvic pain

Treatment options:
Early bladder cancers are often treated with minimally invasive procedures. Advanced cases may require bladder removal, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiation therapy.

Testicular Cancer

What it is:
Though relatively rare, testicular cancer is the most common cancer in younger men between ages 15–35.

Warning signs:

  • A painless lump in the testicle

  • Swelling or enlargement

  • A heavy or aching sensation in the scrotum

Treatment options:
Testicular cancer is usually highly curable. Surgery to remove the affected testicle is often the first step, with chemotherapy or radiation used if needed.

Prostate Cancer

What it is:
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, affecting the prostate gland which helps produce semen.

Warning signs:

  • Often no symptoms in the early stages

  • Difficulty starting or stopping urination

  • Blood in semen or urine

  • Erectile dysfunction

  • Pelvic or back pain

Screening:
Early detection is possible with a PSA blood test and a digital rectal exam, both of which are recommended for men as they age.

Treatment options:
Depending on how aggressive the cancer is, treatment can range from “active surveillance” (watching it closely) to surgery, radiation, hormone therapy, or chemotherapy.

Why Urologists Are Essential in Cancer Care

Urologists are often the first specialists to detect signs of urologic cancer. They can perform diagnostic tests, biopsies, and even surgical treatment when necessary. For more advanced care, they collaborate closely with oncologists to ensure patients receive the best possible treatment plan.

The Bottom Line

Blood in urine, unexplained lumps, or sudden urinary changes are not symptoms to ignore. Early detection can mean the difference between a quick recovery and a

Book Your Appointment Today

If you’re in need of a urologist in Brisbane, Dr. Jo Scheoman is here to help. With a commitment to patient-centered care and advanced treatment options, Dr. Scheoman is dedicated to improving the lives of her patients. Contact our office today to schedule a consultation and take the first step toward better urological health.